Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

What type of radiolucent lesion is typically multilocular and found in the posterior mandible?

1. Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

2. Ameloblastoma

3. Radicular cyst

4. Keratinized cyst

The correct answer is: Ameloblastoma

The choice of ameloblastoma as the correct answer is based on its distinctive characteristics. Ameloblastoma is a type of odontogenic tumor that is known for its multilocular (often described as "soap bubble" or "honeycomb") radiolucent appearance on imaging modalities. This feature is especially prominent in cases located in the posterior mandible, which is a common site for this type of lesion. The multilocular aspect of ameloblastomas results from the tumor's growth pattern, which causes it to expand and remodel bone, leading to multiple well-defined radiolucencies. This growth pattern, along with its location, provides clinicians with key diagnostic cues when interpreting radiographic findings. In contrast, other lesions like the adenomatoid odontogenic tumor typically present as unilocular radiolucencies and are more often found in the anterior maxilla. Radicular cysts, commonly associated with non-vital teeth, tend to be unilocular or solitary, while keratinized cysts can also present differently. Understanding these distinctions is crucial in dental diagnostics and treatment planning.