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The appropriate treatment for an allergic reaction to barbiturates is antihistamines. When an individual experiences an allergic reaction, the body releases histamines, which contribute to symptoms such as itching, hives, and swelling. Antihistamines work by blocking the action of histamines, thus alleviating the symptoms associated with allergic reactions. They are effective in managing mild to moderate allergic reactions and can help provide relief from the discomfort caused by histamine release.

Other options, while they may be useful in specific clinical situations, are not the primary treatment for allergic reactions. Corticosteroids are often used for more severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis or delayed hypersensitivity, but they don't address the immediate symptoms as quickly as antihistamines. Oxygen therapy may be necessary in cases of respiratory distress but is not directly involved in treating the allergic response itself. Intravenous fluids can be helpful in cases of shock or severe dehydration but again do not specifically target the allergic reaction caused by barbiturates. Thus, antihistamines are the most appropriate treatment in this context.