Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

Why might a patient be prescribed both lovastatin and Enalapril?

1. To increase cholesterol and manage blood pressure

2. To lower cholesterol and manage blood pressure

3. To stabilize blood sugar levels

4. To reduce inflammation and fight infections

The correct answer is: To lower cholesterol and manage blood pressure

The prescription of both lovastatin and Enalapril is aimed at addressing two common health concerns: hyperlipidemia (high cholesterol levels) and hypertension (high blood pressure). Lovastatin is a member of the statin class of medications, which are primarily used to reduce cholesterol levels in the blood. It works by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which plays a crucial role in the body's cholesterol production. This reduction in cholesterol can lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes. On the other hand, Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that helps manage high blood pressure. It works by relaxing blood vessels, which allows blood to flow more easily, thereby reducing the pressure within the arteries. Managing blood pressure is vital for preventing complications such as heart disease and kidney issues. The simultaneous use of these medications reflects a comprehensive approach to managing a patient's cardiovascular risk profile by targeting both cholesterol and blood pressure simultaneously, leading to improved outcomes and reduced risks of cardiovascular events. The option that states the combination is for lowering cholesterol and managing blood pressure accurately captures this dual therapeutic intent.