Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

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Which condition is indicated by a slow-growing mandible and bulging eyes?

Hypopituitary
Hyperpituitary
Thyroid disease
Acromegaly

The correct answer is: Hyperpituitary

The condition characterized by a slow-growing mandible and bulging eyes is acromegaly. This condition results from excess growth hormone, usually caused by a pituitary adenoma. Individuals with acromegaly often exhibit distinctive facial features, including an enlarged jaw (mandible), which can appear to develop slowly over time. The bulging of the eyes, or proptosis, can be associated with other conditions, particularly thyroid disease, where an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) leads to Graves’ disease and consequently causes eye changes. However, the presence of both a slow-growing mandible and bulging eyes points more accurately toward acromegaly, as the excessive growth hormone leads to changes in the bone structure of the mandible and can also impact soft tissues around the eyes. The hyperpituitary options might suggest a condition marked by excessive hormone secretion, but acromegaly is the specific result of growth hormone excess, making it the most fitting choice when considering the specific symptoms provided. Understanding that acromegaly affects bone growth and can lead to changes in physical appearance is crucial in associating slow growth of the mandible with bulging eyes.