Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

What type of candidiasis is characterized by ongoing, raised areas of the tongue?

1. Median rhomboid glossitis

2. Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

3. Oral thrush

4. Angular cheilitis

The correct answer is: Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis is characterized by the presence of ongoing, raised areas or white patches in the oral cavity, particularly on the tongue. This form of candidiasis typically manifests as hyperplastic lesions that do not wipe off easily. It is often associated with a chronic immune response to the Candida fungus, leading to this distinctive appearance. The condition can also be linked to factors such as smoking, diabetes, or immunosuppression, which predispose individuals to persistent fungal infections. The lesions can appear keratotic and may cause discomfort, making it a significant condition to recognize and treat appropriately. Other types of candidiasis, while affecting the oral cavity, do not present with the same raised, persistent lesions. For instance, oral thrush usually presents as creamy white patches that can be wiped off easily, while median rhomboid glossitis typically appears as a smooth, atrophic area at the midline of the posterior part of the tongue. Angular cheilitis involves inflammation and cracking at the corners of the mouth but is not characterized by raised areas on the tongue. Understanding these distinctions is vital for diagnosis and treatment strategies in dental practice.