Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

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What is the recommended treatment for an infection caused by Candida albicans?

Amoxicillin
Fluconazole, nystatin
Clindamycin
Metronidazole

The correct answer is: Fluconazole, nystatin

The recommended treatment for an infection caused by Candida albicans is the use of antifungal medications like fluconazole or nystatin. Candida albicans is a type of yeast that can lead to infections in various parts of the body, most commonly seen in oral thrush or vaginal yeast infections. Fluconazole is a systemic antifungal that is effective against Candida species, providing the ability to penetrate tissues and fluids, making it suitable for treating more extensive or systemic infections. Nystatin, on the other hand, is often used topically or orally for localized infections due to its effectiveness at targeting the fungal cell membranes specifically. This approach is crucial because antibiotics such as amoxicillin or clindamycin can actually exacerbate the problem by disrupting the natural microbial flora, allowing Candida to flourish. Similarly, metronidazole is primarily effective against anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoal infections, not fungal infections, making it an inappropriate choice for treating Candida. Thus, the use of fluconazole or nystatin is the most appropriate and recommended treatment for addressing an infection caused by Candida albicans.