Dental OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) Practice Exam

A patient presents with a bump under the ear that is recurrent and benign. What is the likely diagnosis?

1. Osteosarcoma

2. Pleomorphic adenoma

3. Sialolithiasis

4. Lymphadenopathy

The correct answer is: Pleomorphic adenoma

The diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma is appropriate in this context given the presentation of a recurrent and benign bump under the ear. Pleomorphic adenomas, commonly known as benign salivary gland tumors, are the most frequent tumors of the salivary glands, particularly the parotid gland, which is located near the ear. These tumors can present as painless swellings or lumps and are characterized by their ability to recur if not completely excised. The recurrent nature of the bump suggests a growth pattern typical of pleomorphic adenomas, which may return after surgical intervention if not entirely removed. Their benign nature aligns with the provided description, making them a likely consideration in a situation where a patient has a lump that reappears consistently. In contrast, other potential conditions like osteosarcoma (a malignant bone tumor), sialolithiasis (stone formation in the salivary gland), and lymphadenopathy (swelling of lymph nodes due to various causes) are less fitting given the specific details of a recurrent benign bump located under the ear. Osteosarcoma is typically associated with pain and aggressive disease characteristics, while sialolithiasis would present with acute episodes of pain, swelling, or obstruction, rather than a simple recurrent bump. L